Padlock.



F.. KOVALSKI.

PADLOCK.

APPUCATION FILED JULY 16| 191?- 1925298 Jan. 8, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1- FIG. lFIG.. 2.

I". KOVALSKI.

PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 15| 1917.

15,252,815. PatentedJan. 8,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 5y

F; KovALsKl.

PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED vIULY I6. 1917'.

1,252, l 5. l Patented Jan. 8,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- FEODOR KOVALSKI, OF WEST LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

PADLOCK. f

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 8, 1918.

Application filed uly 16, 1917. Serial No. 180,841.

To all whom t may concern."

Bc it known that I, vFEoDoR KovALsnI, a citizen of Russia, residing' atWest Lynn, in the county of Essex and lState of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Padlocks, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in padlocks. i

The' primary object of the invention is the provision of a key-operatedpadlock 'so arranged that a person unfamiliar with lts manner ofoperation will Yhave great Ydiiiiculty in manipulating -theilockmechanism while the same is readily locked and unlocked 'by anyauthorized person provided with the proper-"key,

A further object of the device is theprovision Aof a padlock arrangedwith the shackle releasing means normally guarded by a devicev which. isonly operable in a certain peculiar manner and whereby the lockpossesses great security against being opened by unauthorized persons.

A still further object Vof thev device is the provision of a padlockhavin' a shackle release and a guardv therefor, oth of which areadapted'for-separate and successive actuations by a single key, theentire structure possessing great. strength and security.

`In the 'drawings forming a part'Y of this application Y and in whichlike. designating characters Y'refer to corresponding parts throughoutthe several'views, f

Figure 1 is a vfront elevation of the device in its normally lockedarrangement,

Fig. Qis a similar view with the guard plate shifted for permitting ltherelease of the lock mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a view .similar to Fig. 1 wit the guard and cover platesremoved.

Fig. 4 is a viewlsimilar to Fig. 2 with the guard and cover platesremoved and showing the key in section positioned as having released theshackle,

Fig. 5 is a view similar to the key in section and in position as havingreleased .the guard plate.

Fig. 6 is a substantially central sectional view taken through thedevice with Ythe Fig. 3 showing mechanism in its normally lockedarrangement.

Fig. 7 is a View partly in side elevation and partly in section similarto that shown in Fig. 6 and with the key inserted for re-Y leasingtheguard plate. Y

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 with the guard plate mechanismreleased. Y

Fig. 9 is a similar sectional view looking in theopposite direction fromthat shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a plan .view of the underside of the guard plate.

F ig'. 11 is a. perspective view of the upper side of the cover plate.

Fig. 1:2 is a perspective view of the mechanism mounting plate.

13 is a perspective view of the shackle bolt and its releasing lever.

Fig. ll is a perspective view of the guard plate latch and spring. v

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the spring catch employed with theguard plate mechanism. v

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a portion of the mounting plate and thereleasing cam for the latch.

Fig. 17 is a detail sectional view taken through the camand the'adjacent portion ofthe lmounting plate and the back platc of the llockand Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the key employed with the device.

Referring more in detail. to the draw-y ings a padlock casing 10 of theusual substantial circular form is provided having a backk plate 11 andav forwardly positioned cover plate 12, lthe latter being removablysecured upon the casing 10 by suitable screws 13 .extending throughperforations 111 in the plate 12 and threaded into .side lugs 15arranged within the casing. The side wall 16 of the casing 10 has onefiat side 17 with a swinging shackle 18 pivoted as at 19 adjacent oneend ythereof and between the base plate 11 and cover plate 12 while thecasingv end 17 is provided `with ya receiving opening 20 adjacent itsopposite end adapted for the reception of the terminal loop 21 of theshackle, the said loop projecting inwardly of the casing 10 when theshackle is closed.

A mounting plate adapted for positioning the lock mechanism within thecasing 10 is arranged therein having feet 23 raising upon the back plate1l for spacing the plate 22 from the back plate while peripheral notches24 are arranged inthe plate 22 for.

accommodating the aforementioned lugs 15. I Parallel upstanding ears 25are struck out of the plate 22 yhaving guide openings 26 therethroughadapted for the slidingref. ception of the shackle bolt 27 while a leafspring 28 having one end anchored to an upstanding post 29 carried bythe plate22 f engages the adjacent end of the bolt 27 for normallymaintaining the latter projected in its securing position inwardly ofthe aforementioned casing end. opening 20 with the bolt 27 Aextendingthrough the loop 21 of the shacklev 18 when the latter isclosed.

A guard plate 30 of substantially the same form and dimensions as thecoverplate12 is flatly arranged for rotation upon the latter by beingcentrally piv-oted thereto by a rivet 3l, the said guard plate having acentral key hole slot 32 adapted to' be brought into register witheither one of two similar key hole slots 33 and 34 provided through thecover plate 12. A retaining latch 35V'is provided for the guard plate 30being pivoted as at 3,6 to a post 37vcarried by the mounting plate 22,an upstanding finger 38 being arranged at one end of the latch adaptedfor normally positioning within the perforation 39 of the cover plate 12and for locking engagement within a keeper socket'40 in the lower sideof the guard plate 30 when such socket is brought into alinement withthe perforation 39. A

leaf spring 41 secured to the cover plate 12 provided upon the catch 46at its free end' normally maintained within a perforation 50 of themounting plate 22 by means of a spring 51 carried by the catch andengaging the back plate 11 of the casing. The cani 43 is so positionedbeneath the latch 35 as topbring the arcuate side flange 52 thereof into'elevating engagement with either the,

securing ledge 53 or the releasing ledge 54 of the latch during therevolution ofthe cam disk 43, itbeing noted that the ledges 53 and 54are arranged at opposite sides of the pivot 36 of the latch 35 with theledge arranged adjacent the locking linger 38. An opening 55 is providedthrough the disk 43 adapted for receiving.the,catch tooth 49 vwhen theopening 55 is in alinementwith the mounting plate perforation 50 andwhich occurswhenthe flange 52 is beneath the latch ledge 53 with thefinger 38 of the latch extending through the perforation 39 of the coverplate 12 and into the keeper socket lQ-ofthe guard plate 30. 'It .willbeunderstood that the arrangement just described occursy when the lock isin its normally secured arrangement with thel key holel slots 32V and33'in alinement'with,each other and at which times the cutawaysides 56and 57 of the plates 30 and' l2 respecel tively are in'alinement witheach other as well'as with the similarcutaw'ay side portion 58 of theback plate 11,. andibeing ad#l jacentvthe liatend 17' lo f'ithe casingwall 16.V

A key 59' is provided for the lockadapted for insertion through thelslotv 32 of the guard plate 30 and for' arrangement within.

the cover plates slot `33whenly it is desired to `release the guardplate30 by manipulating the latch 35 while the .key 59-y is arranged' throughthel covery plate slot 34 after tlfie` guard'plate has been releasedand" shifted for'bringing the slots 32and 34v intoregis? ter for theaccommodationof the'key for the purpose of retracting the bolt 27 to,vrrelease the shackle 1.8. With slots 32and33 in-reg-I ister as arrangedwhen the lockfis in'its normal condition, the key 59A will beinsertedthroughthe side slots Witlithe cen- K tral borer60 of the keyarranged'upon the post 45. By turning the ykey 59,`the depending toe 61ofthe bit 62 of the key maybe positioned through the oplening55l of thecam disk 43 for engaging the catch tooth 49, By pushing inwardly uponthe key 59 when in such position, the catch 46 will be depressed againsttheaction of the spring 51 and the tooth 49` being released from the cam43, a turning off the key 59 will shift the flange 52 vfrom beneaththelatch ledgey 53 to a point beneath the ledge 54 thereof and. whichmovement will depressthe finger 38 withdrawing the same from the socket40 of the guard plate 30; rUpon removing the key 59, the flange 52 willmaintain theflatch 35 released permitting the guard plate 30. to

beturned' upon its pivot 31 so. as Yto bring..

the slot 32 with thev guard plate in register with the slot 34 of thecover plate 12. f The key 59 may then be insertedE through, the;

bolt and lever for normally maintaining the lever extended in adirection toward the key post 62. With the key mounted upon the post 62and turned clockwise as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing, vthe key ward 62will engage the lever 63 swinging the same toward the casing opening 22and permitting the edge 66 of the bit 62 to rest within the groove 67 atthe front end of the level' 63 as indicated by dotted lines in saidligure. A reversal of the movement of the key will then force the leverG3 in the direction of the shackle hinge 19 sliding the bolt 27therewith and releasing the same from the loop 21 as above illustratedin Fig. 4 of the drawing. It will be evident that the shackle 18 maythen be swung outwardly while upon removing the key 59 from itsengagement with the lever 63, the spring 28 will again project the bolt27. The key 59 may be readily withdrawn from the lock when desired andby again shifting the plate 30 the key may be positioned upon the post45 for returning the disk 43 to its position for rengaging the latch 35with the plate 30. It will be obvious that the bolt 27 is normallyprojected when the key is out of the lock while at such times theshackle 18 may be engaged by the bolt or not as found desirable, whilethe disk 43 may be readily shifted by the key for either locking orreleasing the guard plate 30.

A padlock is provided requiring only one key and so constructed that aperson unfamiliar with the manner of operating the mechanism by means ofthe key will be unable to retract the bolt 27 and release the shackle 18without great diliiculty regardless of which one ot' the cover plateslots 33 or 34 is accessible through the guard plate slot It will alsobe seen that the key 58 may be completely revolved in either directionwhen positioned upon the post 62, the ward 62 of the key being adaptedto hit the lever 63 and move the same aside, permitting the key torevolve. Itwill be noted that extreme care must be taken in turning thekey 59 for the purpose of retracting the bolt 27 in seating the ward end62 within the lever groove 67 when the ward and lever This arepositioned in angular relation.

lock may be employed wherever it is found desirable to arrange a padlockfor insuring great security.

What I claim as new is 1. A padlock comprising a casing, a locking boltarranged therein, a cover plate for said casing having two key holeslots therein, a guard plate superposed on said cover plate, one of thesaid slots being adapted for the reception of a key for actuating thesaid bolt, a locking latch for said guard plate, a shifting cam for saidlatch revolubly arranged within said casing, a post upon said camnormally positioned in alinement with the other one oi' said cover plateslots and a key releasable spring catch for the said cam arrangedadjacent the cam.

A padlock comprising a casing, a shackle upon said casing, a lockingbolt for the shackle, a cover plate for the casing having a slot adaptedforthe reception of an operating key for said bolt, the said cover plateprovided with a second slot adapted for the reception of a releasing keyfor said latch, and a guard plate for said slots pivoted upon the coverplate and arranged with a key receiving slot adapted to register witheither of the slots of said cover plate selectively, and a latch withinthe casing controlling the movement of the guard plate.

8. A lock comprising a casing, a sliding bolt within the casing, a coverplate for the casing having a key receiving slot adjacent said bolt, aguard plate revolubly mounted upon said cover plate having a slottherein adapted to register with the slot of the cover plate, aretaining latch for said guard plate arranged within the casing, acontrolling cam for said latch journaled within the casing, a springcatch for the cam arranged adjacent the latter, a key adapted forreleasing the said catch and operating the said cam, the said coverplate being provided with a second slot adapted to register with theslot of the guard plate and arranged outwardly of said cam adapted forthe reception of said key.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FEODOR KOVALSKI.

Copies of this patent may be obtainedfor ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

